Guard device for paper or like machines



Aug. 10, 1943. l.. BoRAKs 2,325,508

GUARD DEVICE FOR PAPER OR LIKE MACHINES Filed Jan. 14, 1942 3Sheets-Sheet 1 Zozus oawas,

#Mal t orncg Aug. 10, 1943.

-| BORAKS 2,326,608

GUARD DEVICE FOR PAPER OR LKE MACHINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 14,1942 Aug. 10, 1943. BORAKS GUARD DEVCE FOR PAPER OR LKE MACHINES 3sheets-sheet 3 Filed Jan. 14', 1942 Patented Aug. 10, 1943*. Y .w

` oURD DEVICEFORQISAPER 0R UKE'.

*MACHINES Louis'Boraks, Brighton,- Mass.', assignorItofLib; :InsuranceCompany,- Boston',

erty Mutualii f Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts'.-

' r 'Application' .raiiuaryim 1942,` serial Nog-'fiesen bladeout ofVand'into an inoperative position the `several causes of'accidentsrevealedthereby. Y

to minimize'the risks .attendanttheir operation. In accordance with myinvention, I provide a papel-.or like cutting machine with aguardmovable into or, out oi a position" blocking Vaccess bythejoper'ator to the path oi"theblade,.a lock to prevent actuation bythe `operatoroi lthe'blade reciprocating mechanism, `and means torelease the lock when the guard is in Vblocking position. f

In order to lprevent lthe guard from being raised from its blockingposition',Y after' the outting stroke has been initiated, I Vprovide'alock,

. operable by the blade reoproeating mechanism-Q to hold the guard inYits Vblocking position untilY :n 25A e .fsu-Cin' machines; thev bladegenerally 'indicated at Y 1 'is connected tothe ting .the 'blade' to be'vertically reciprocated in.Y i Y j the' siideways'jileenned by the sides3 (see Fig.- 2).

the cutting stroke is completed.

While failure of the blade reciprocating "mech-.-v anismV to maintainthe' blade Vinits inoperative position until it is actuated isinfrequent,v I have provided a blade lock releasedor engaged by theguard as it is` moved into "orrfout'of 'blocking'.

position. A A i n In practice, the Vlock holding the blade recipj- Y`rocating mechanism against actuation is eleotrii cally operated and thecontrol circuitincludes a plurality of switches arranged in seriestherein. In accordance with my invention, the guard oo n- Srbed my'..invention 'as ebdd-"ha .typical paper cutting machine, but whichmay Abeadapt-v ed to other lmachines.''without'finterierence with their utilitywher@ acedentexperience indicates. Y al need yfor. safeguards that will,protect tthe operator.Y Y l SIn the drawings:

- -ig..3r isairagmentary enlarged sectional View 'ci the machine.

Figs. 4, 5 [and-6 are. fragmentary*partlyseoe tioned views of the guardstructure.

Fig. 7 isa fragmentary,viewfshowing partvof the blade.recprocatingmmeans' in accordance with my invention.

i incompleteg'detail., 'As shown Fig.l l, the blade: 5 is pivotallyconnected atone'end'to theblade V.carrier housingA Sjbya .9 and tothe'cranli it on the shaft it bytheiconnecting rod 1I2.- I lock thecrankm to' meshaft H with a; shear sists-of-a support, a plurality oflingers' slidably carried by the support and a plurality of rodsslidably carried' bythe lingers; Each rod 'and each 'linger carries acontact establishing one' of y 14o the switches normally held 4open bygravity blt closed as the guard is-lowered to bring the-"rods intoContact with fthe'bed or objects supported thereon to effect relativemovement between the fingers `and the rods. .Since the fingers and therods are supported in telescoping relation to each other and to thesupport, the rods are movable asia unit relative to the support aftereach switch is closed, thereby permitting the guardto Y come into itsblocking position against the -.bed regardless of objects Supportedthereon..

My invention includes many othernovel features and has many-advantagesVwhich will be apparent from the .accompanying drawings andspeoic'ation'in 'which I have Yshown and de-v YAs my inventio'nA is'`not"`concerned with y blade reciprocatingmeans.,these are not shown vAlig.- 8 shows schematically anoperating-Ncir- Y Fig 9.` shows .thelockpreventing actuation of' the bladeV reciprocating meansaandu ,Y e Fig.10 shows the lock of Eig.,l9 released.A I' have shown myrinventionfasincorporated in a typicai paper `fci/itti'r g; machine having a-barseaflbed 2;,and Asides Srrfsupporting a head .4. In

Vhead '4 by'links 'permit- 'r The' drive for the shafifll consists oramotor t4 havingi'a'belted connection with a pulley l5V mounted 'on 'theshaft vI6 for rotation independor the gearing between the shafts I6Y.and fll; l I

While I have' not shown the blade reciprocating means in detail, itAWill loe.understood that ma-y chines of thetypeillustrated-conventionallyfprovide for thereciprocation-yof the blade k5cnt of .fand intoaneinoperativel position remotefron the bed 2 to effecta complete cutting stroke lbigi is a' yfront viewVV a typical machinesafeguarded in accordance With my invention. .Y

Fig. 2 shows the machine ofligwl in side vieWr.,

upward movementcithe guard G.

is 'adapted- 'to engage' 'the .frame l'i'i but t is nor-L mallymaintained vin Van inoperative "positionv by;`

gravity; To `actuate thelatchV le; Iemploy"azlever 'i5 pivotally;mounted as at 'E6 and normally urged into an inoperative position by thespring '17. 'attach to the arm 63 a thrust arm-"i8 to carry the leverl'iii into ra position to rock the latch 'l into engagement' with ,theframe 45 thereby locking the guard Gin blocking position until thecutting stroke isco'mpleted.

While the guard lock 74 maybe actuated as desired by the bladereciprocating mechanism,

the actuating means disclosed'h'as one practical advantage. I mount ononeend of theblade '5 a block l under which the upper end of the lever'iii is adapted to pass under the' inluence o1" the spring'll. In theevent that the brake for the'shaft'l should start toiail', for example;or for any other reason indicative of the needof service the blade .5should fail to'return to its inoperative position, the failure 'of theupperend of the lever 75 to pass -under the block iii would be apparentto the operator andl signal to him the immediate need of repair.

While accident experience demonstrates' thatY the great majority ofaccidents are due to Y'the fault of the individual, there is thepossibility of iailureof some part of the operating mechanism in anymachine. Accordingly, have provided means to lock the blade 5 in itsinoperative-posi- .i tion wherein the guard G 'is positioned to permitsaccess by the operator .to the'pathof theV blade i To accomplish thisvresult, I provide the head1E 4 with a -pair of hooks A8i) pivotallysupported on mounts 8l to engage with pins 82 jcarriedfby l theiblade '5(see Figo l). interconnect the hooks 83 with a link S3vwhichsupports(afjcam'v track B to receive a pin 85 carriedby thesupportSe of the guard Gr.Y The camtrack is shapedso that as the guard G, islowered, the hooks ii are pivotedV into a position freeo the pins 82 toApermit the blade 5 to be lowered. Theprovisionof such blade lockingmeans makes necessary the" use of the' shear pin I3 connecting the crankit? i tothe shaft il, although the use of a shear pin is of decided;advantage apart irom'th's' ifeaturel Y of *my invention. l

The mounts Esi also carry stops 85 toilirnit From' the foregoing vitwill be apparentl thatl the '50 in order for machines incorporating myinven,

tion to be operated-the o peratormust bring the "guard C- intoitsblockingposition and hold it in that'position until he h'asbrought theleverY 'il into a position wherein the clutch is engaged. E

Movement citric guard G- irom'fits position're f mote from the bed 2 to'vits .blocking position,

unlocks the blade 5 from `the head i and closes the circuit E@ to therelay ir'th'ereby eiecting the energization oi the solenoids'i.l

The solenoid withdrawsthe -pin Et -from itspositionlock- Y ing the slideEl inthe slideWay G p,1mittingthe Y lever I' to be moved by theoperator. ActuationV of the lever` i1 results in the latch id engagingwith therame to holdrthe guard -G in yblock-`v ing position until thelever ifi is returned toa: position wherein the clutch is disengaged.-

When the lever l1 is returned to its inopera- 'l' tive position, theguard Gfmay be-raised to per-v mit access by the 'operator to.. the;path of lthe blade and as the guard G is raisedthe circuitL 56 is openedand the blade 5-is locked to the head 4.

My invention; therefore): provides lmeans for practically safeguardingpaper cutting or like marl theityp'e undereensideration' reprend@ any@or more' ofthe practical inexpnsiv p safeguards,contemplatedbyitlagainstjthe'several causes of accidents resulting fromthe i operation j of s uhff machines without" inteference 'with"their-utility.' f

`'and 1 desire to secure What I thereforeA claim by Letters Patent is: lV1'. Safety 'mechanis ably'- supported said ','fdevice eV posit said(bladeY` or to permit lsuch laccess;fmea'ns to lock said bladereciprocatin'gmeans against actu- "ation, arid means operable'toreleasesaid locking f meanszwh'en saidfguard'is in blocking"position`2.'-Safety mechanism for paper cutting devices orfthelike'having a bed;la reciproca'bleblade]` and meansto'r'eciprocat'e said. jbladeoutof"a'n'dg into` an inoperative' position lto eiiectaj cutting]4 vstroke, said safety mechanism comprising a guard slidably supported insaid devicev to be movable bythe operator from yaposition permittingaccessby the voperator4 to the path of saidlblade to' a positionblockingsuch access, means to lock said" bladew'reciprocating meansagainst"` actuation," means Voperable "to release the locking means.

when said guardris blocking positiomjand Y i .Y

`'means Alocking aid guard'in blocking. position until saidcuttin'gstroke is completed.' Y

3; Safety mechanism'forpaperfcutting devicesv or the like havinga bed,'areciprocable'blade;;

and means to reciprocate saidblade out of Vand intoVaninoperative-position 'to effect av cutting stroke, said `safety`'mechanisin comprising Ya guard slidably supported in said device to bemov f able by the operator *from-a' position permitting f access by theoperator tothe path of said blade@V to a position blocking VVsuchaccess, means carriedj Y by thedevicelto lock said bladein itsinoperative i position, `and means-A carried :by saidv Vguard guard is'inits'bl'ocking position.

to.unlock'zsaid*blade locking means4 when said" Y guard carriesatrack'engaging member'.

The safety'mechanismef claim s in whichij Y lthe'bladereciprocating@means includes ya drivej.:V

shaft, an eccentric mounted thereon, and a sheaii i' f l pin anchoringthe "eccentric'tol' theV shaft. n

' 6, Safety mechanism for paper' cutting devices or the like havingafbed, a reciprocable blade, and meansA toY reciprocate said blade Vout'of and into anfinoperative .positionV toeiect' aY cutting stroke, #saidsafety mechanism; comprising a guard -slidably supported insaid kdevicetofbe movable by 'the operator from .a positionI permitting access bythejop'erator'` to` the path off" said blade toar position blockingsuchaccess,"

meanscarried by the device to'lock saidblade in vitsv inoperativeposition to said device, means car.- ried by said guard to unlock saidblade locking means when said guard is in its :blocking 'posi tion,means to look the blade reciprocating means against actuation, means torelease fthe last .l

named lock when the guard is' in"l blocking posi-i' y tion, andmeanslocking the guard-inblocking?!v position-until the cutting stroke'is"completed.

Centenera-.operatrice@fetich-'isiniciativa-ee gerona-and maybe attachedoany 'machin vj'rorpa'per `cutting-,or like j; i devices-having a'vbedgareciproca-ble Vbladfe ,andi means engag'eable 'by -'one hand: oi-V the.operatorvr to reciprocate @said blade lovutfof and into'an mop-, jerativepositiontofeffect afcuttingstroke, said safety lmechanismcomprising'a guard engageable other" or" the opera lrr'f'and .slid-U d,tofblockv acces'sfby the operator tithe path of] AkThe safetymechanismo'jclaim Binwhich A the blade locking means include interconnected'blade engaging hooks and a cam track andthe Yting-strekeis.eenrlpleted1 .the operator. f1om.a position? permitting..access `Meetsand:means@certifiedJesu'thediidefreeinre- 10e @thisJews-Jeweled@ suerdfm tienlintil the cutting-gStrekefisseompieted...'8....- Seremi meeharsmuforfpamerlcuitinsonflikee A de'vgesf; Y iy a' iI niedrigste.. reeiproeatessaid.fbladefeutidi timid 15.

8.11 inoperative position Yto effect a, cutting, stroke;y said safetymechanismoompxgising aq gliard;.s1id;.

ably supported `irL.sein,Ldeviefe. to; besmpi/dblefbyf the. Operatetrerpositionpermittinggagceess by'gthe" idnesldltfirfr tothe-:Petit etSaidbldp stef; aseo Positiedbledkingisueh..eeeessmeenssnperatdmmSaldfsdaxd .t0-,look- Said-bladeiin its 'ideiegeretite`.k position. te!Seid. deriee when S :.giiardsissbesitimed to permit aeees's .eter Yitsrath... .ded-111mm..ns.v operated bythe. .bladereeiPrfQT-etingemeansJedockftg r Seid guard infbloekinggppsitieriguutil.. thegutv 9,-.Sdfetyvmeehenismfox; bdpergeuttms.dislike-ff, devices hevinebed; d.- refereedb.le:blatieeeuid` means...tei reeipreeetefseid iblddeeut-eiianddntdl 3@ ad;.inonerfativefiidetieoftd eieet. {aseuttins Stroke@YSdid.;'sa,f.ety.`meehensmseemprisiegsateiidrd eli ably.supportediin..Seidcdevice .te be mevafblebt;

byliigoperatopto .thetpath of ,;'sag1ble,de:toia 35: positionbleckiesuchfaeeesaf,independent:memes:' telenet-Said. blade..Yreciprocating-miserie;aesinet actiiatin-,. ,means -.dperdbie.fterelease? said blddeC .loklingv`r means. when ISeidel eiletdoissin'.bide.liringgz position andsmedns loperated..bygtheblade ree- 4o?Cprdeetingmeansfteldekiseidgilerd ix 1`. .b10dkingg lpesitieriluntltheeeutting'strokelisrempietem 10` .Sdety me .anoniem.Iowgperfieuttm OrdikeY devisesV V,riiewirl'g d bed; a, verticauxreeiiilfeeahle blade, means ,to reel r mden.: Operative positientQ-...:ef.f.eet.';;a.cuttingsstiieke; and; a..manual1y0nerablecc0ntrriz-latuate. Seidbldde. .reeiproddtiagemeandi ,saietxg mechanismcomprisirigagguarfd.member;ieimsg inegfadeesfbythe...Operator.te...thepe;th.oi. Sard; blade, a plurlitxfoisgudrdneers segmented-biteseid ,guard amember. tdjpetmit .reldt'iire vertieel niei/.ementbetweenfggdrdngele; apentatt.learriedcbyveacb fof. editie guard rigersi topermit, relative vrtidal.;;.moveement. between'..said.edntdetssandisaidg guardamgershmeens .'.teiloeklseidtmanuallxgoperable en trelesdinsteietuetion,releetieallypp."ablen'iednseo tQ..re1.e`eSefSaidfledkdgfmeenss.and an =e1. ciruit L incontrol. of, said., lectrieall Y means; dpiuremy'of .switehes l,moreneedmeissie in said,.ciigou it each-pf. Said, switches beingjnmjmalls. .Open.and .elesedlby yrelatief: Jimremeetffbew tweenfsaideentaets andSaidgudld-neers...

i1, The safetylmechanism oieia'im. i0 .;r 1. v 1ii;;3, Y theem'eans; tc'locs'.theymanudllytepereble-ecotnolfe ageiristeetdetioncomprises@..sl'deieerried byftim4 manuallyoperabie:contrerdevide-te-elid-eblr-reeeitede -lidefftlieeeideenae thefslide.;eeehmevinekapertures ingreelstry-yxidt.;eaehiether-whenthemangeur`onerehieceentnekg isfinite-lin0peretieeresiiiooitandsaideelsm pins carriedbrfiheeleetrzeellypperehlefmeeuecomentari;

...guandmemhen endssdida.;

otlfsadd zaperture whenmregistry;wittrfeehgother; Linders.`tizeginfuemes, of: gray-ibm' retracted; therefrom whenthes'eleetricdllxzfoperabie mee-ns:KVV are;.eriergizedrj u 12 .1c'lhesafetyemeehansm' faim L10k-in Lwhiehv the eleotrie.crcuitlrrcludesz srst para-Belwin Cilittosthe :electrically operablemeans, a. second. parallela; reni-,t nel-ud'nf ai transformer, the:switches url:.areiey in controtfoftne'mstpah a11e1circuit.. l j.

135 Seetyymeehcnism` fQripeper-eutting devices Orthetlikeqhavinggaglbed, layyerticallyl. reciprocable bldseiamearisttc@recipg:atteadgbladeout of. and; intatta-n..1,inoperativeK position itn efiect aiv cutting.; stroke, l,ancha i tally opera-ble. control tolac:-l tuateeeaid bled eeifpreeeting med-ns.sdidsefetrV meehanismcomprising afeudrd, .meensettaehedtOQtheLfdei/iee; Skideblyf .Sdpnpringseid.; guard; te permit it to ;-b.e p o. si t iCfried` tosbiocksaocessby; the Operated .td-there@ Offri-hea bled-.eer te -permit-- Sueddeeees., manually.;epeeableeuerd.@Widening-.- means-g pivotallysupported; by?. said ldevice and pivotaily connected. to.; sairiguard.said.v guard positioning means beinggcoimterW-eighted ,t0-.urge saidf g11ard atyavy iromfitssblocking position; a latch to .look saidgiiardpositioningamiens, and means: to rnoxtefsaid.:latchV -intoandgout..of.1ock irig psitionot, the startend 'iinishof the cuttingy strokes..Y.

` 1,i.. A Safetyrnechanis'm foipaper Cutting-devicesY ongthelike.haviriga. bede. verticallyreciprocable biadmmeans tolreoiprecatefsadblade outoi andv into.. an.. inoperative positiori toeffect a cutting stroke, ,and a'malliallypperable control to:actuatefsaid.bade'reoipocating means-said safety mechahisnieomprising:L -guard. means attached 1 togthe ,de voeslidabysupporting. saidguardi-,o permit.ittolbedsitidned ioblock access by the operator,tpjtnepatnofthe-*made ortopermit .suchfaocess,. manually; operable guardpositioning means .piyotallysupported by saidgu`ard supporting-means, a',Iatch` .toflqck Saidguard .fpOsitniflmens when; *Saidguai'dtis inblockng l. position.. and ,nieansctated.bysad manually] operablecontrolto. hold'l'sad latch? in its ,operae a member attachedtothedVieeQ'noppOSte side's urgingeachiguide towards the path-'oftheblade', a estopcarried by yeachrr'riember to 'limt the move: ment -of"eacif guide when under' the `inuence othe'res'lient mea'nsf.-v f Y 1'7:1 v Safety mechanism for paper cutting for like: devices-fhaving.I abed afvertically =reeiprocab1e bladewandk means l`to reoiprocatesaidblade out ofaiandininto an.- operative position t'o/efect 1 acuttin'gstmrkml 1said.;sa.ety-mechanism comprising a guardfmember-,.means `slidably;supportinglsaid: guard member fionvertical-.imovementzinto. and Outrofxazmdsition blockingaccessxbytheioperator ttl-the Dathf'ofssaiid blade-a pluralityofdependingcf tubular. nersxslidablysunpgrtedby :said guard member toeper-miiizreleltge s vertical.; movement 1; between;.saidgguandsmembemand; said .'ngersa;a-ired;.;sldabiy.fsuvpprtediwithineach;aofi saidmisere-fwithgitmbottonmend spmtxudmarthereg from, means to lock saidreciprocating means against actuation, andv electrically operated meansto release said locking means, said electrically operated meansincluding a circuit, a plurality of switches arranged in series in saidcir'- cuit, said switches comprising contacts carried by said iingersand contacts carried by said rods for mutual engagement on predeterminedrelative movement between said rods and said fingers when said rodsengage said b ed er objects supported thereon as said guard is movedinto said,v blocking position, said contacts `being disengagedv port ofthe fingers and rods in telescoping relation to the guard member and toeach other.

19. The safety mechanism of claim 17in which the ngers and the rodsinclude heads,v the guard member is formed with a plurality of spacedapertures slidably receiving the ngers and carries resilient seats forthe finger heads, the nger heads present a seat for the rod heads, oneof the of the heads, and the heads are of insulating material toinsulate the contacts from'each-other and from the rods and the ngers.

20. Safety mechanism for paper cuttingor like devices having a bed, avertically reciprocable work element and means toreciprocate saidelement out of and into an inoperative position to eiiect a work stroke,a normally inoperative control for said reciprocating means, said,control Vincluding manually operable means and elecoperator intoblocking position tol close lsaid switches and actuation oi saidmanuallyoperable control means. Y 1

21. Themechanism of claim 2O and a latch carried by the device andoperable to; hold the guard in blocking position Vwhen the manuallyoperable means is actuated.

22. 'Ihe mechanism of Yclaim 2O and a lock for the element'carried bythe device and means carried by the guard to unlock and lock the lock asthe guard is moved into and out of its blocking position. v Y Y v 23. Insafety mechanism for paper cutting or likefdevicesv having a bed, vaverticallyrreciprocable work element and means to reciprocate saidelementcuto'f and into an inoperative position to effect a Work stroke,aguard slidably supported by said device vfor vertical movement by theoperatorinto andout of a position blocking accessby theoperatorto thepath of said element,l and a plurality of ngers slidably supported bysaid guard for verticaljmovement relative l A thereto to establish abarrier conformable tosaid bed and objects supported thereon.

`switches establishing contacts is carried'byeach 24. Safety mechanismfor paper cutting or*V like f ldevices having a bed, a verticallyreciprocable work element and meansV to reciprocate said element out ofand into an inoperative position to eect a work stroke, electrically,actuated meansA in contrcl of said reciprocating means, a guardslidably supported by said device forv vertical 'n movementvby theoperator into and out of a position blockingaccess bythe opera-tor tothel path of said element, a plurality of fingers slidv ably supportedbysaidguardkfor vertical movement relative thereto to establish abarrier conformable vto said bed and objects supported there- .on,acontact carried by each of said iingers to trically operated means, saidcontrol being in- A,

operative until both of its means'are actuated, a

guard slidably supported by said device for vertical movement by theoperator into' and out of a" position blocking access by the operator tothe .permitrelative'vertical Amovement between said contacts and saidguard lingers, a second contact carried by eachaof said fingers,jsaidcontacts esv tablishing switches normally held open bythe in- .Y

uence of gravity on said rst namedconta'ctspath of said element, anelectric circuit, said circuit including said .electrically operablemeans and a plurality ofswitches carried by said guard,

each of said switches including amember slid-V able with reference tosaid guard' and operable to open it under the influence of gravity andto close it when it strikes said bed or an object s upported thereon andis moved' relative to said guard as said guard is moved into blockingposip tion whereby Ythe operation of said device is dependent on themovement of said guard by the ment of said guard l position.

but adapted to be closed when said guard is psitionedl to bring saidfingers into Contact withsaid bedandato cause relative movement betweenY said ngers and said iirstnamed contacts, `an electric circuitincluding said switchesand-saidz Velectrically actuated means Awherebythe'operation of -.said device` isdependent on the movebytheoperatorinto blocking LOUISYBORAKs.

